1. Because of the changes that take place in the nominative singular, it is often difficult to determine the stem of a third declension noun from the nominative singular form. The solution is to always memorize the genitive singular form with the lexical form. If you drop the genitive singular case ending (e.g., ος), you will normally have the word’s stem. The lexical entry σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ shows that the stem is *σαρκ. 2. Whatever happens in the nominative singular (ς) also happens in the dative
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